Giardia in Dogs: When to Treat and When Not To

In brief

There are five things you should know about Giardia. First, and this is the core message: a positive test on its own is not a reason to treat. Many infected dogs show no symptoms, or only passing ones—you treat the dog, not the lab report. Second: Giardia are not worms but single-celled parasites—a regular dewormer does not work against them. Third: the most common reason for “the treatment didn't work” is not resistance but reinfection from the environment. The cysts a dog sheds are infectious right away. Fourth: the zoonotic risk is low—dogs mostly carry dog-specific types that rarely turn up in people. Fifth, and this surprises most people: humans can also be a source of infection for dogs—so transmission does not only run in the direction owners worry about.

Few test results trigger as much frantic activity as a positive Giardia test. This article explains what Giardia are, when treatment makes sense, why it so often seems to fail—and why the panic about infection is usually overblown.

Note: This article is general information and does not replace a veterinary examination. Persistent diarrhea needs to be checked out, especially in puppies.

👉 Prevention and health at a glance: dog health basics

1. What Giardia are

Giardia are single-celled parasites, not worms. This distinction matters in practice: a standard over-the-counter dewormer does not work against them, and deworming “just in case” does nothing when Giardia are suspected.

They exist in two forms. In the small intestine, the motile form attaches to the intestinal lining and interferes with nutrient absorption there. To get out of the body, it forms a hardy cyst that is shed in the feces.

Two properties of these cysts explain almost all of the practical problems.

They are infectious right away. Unlike some worms, they need no time to mature in the environment—what is shed today can infect the next dog today.

How many cysts are shed varies considerably—from dog to dog, and in the same dog from day to day. This becomes important later: a positive result tells you that cysts are present, but neither how many there are nor what clinical significance they have.

They are tough. In damp, cool conditions they survive for weeks. They don't do well with dryness and heat.

Infection happens when a dog takes in these cysts—from feces, contaminated water, paws, coat, bowls, or toys. A dog that grooms itself after defecating can reinfect itself again and again in the process.

1.1 Why a dog keeps reinfecting itself

This point explains more about how the infection plays out than anything else, and it is rarely spelled out.

The route is short: the dog sheds cysts. Some of them stick to the fur under the tail. The dog grooms itself—and takes them right back in. There is no maturation period in between, because the cysts are already infectious.

In long-haired dogs and dogs with dense fur on the hindquarters, this route is especially short. That is why cleaning the hindquarters is an important hygiene step for these dogs—and why it happens on the last day of treatment: bathe the dog earlier, and fresh cysts will be sitting in the coat again by the end. In short-haired dogs with a smooth coat, this route matters less.

The same goes for the paws: a dog that walks across a contaminated surface and then licks its paws closes the same loop.

What this means in practice is covered in chapters 7 and 8—here the point is to understand why medication alone often does not break the cycle. It clears out the gut. The dog carries the resupply around with it.

2. How to recognize illness

When symptoms do appear, they typically look like this:

• Diarrhea, often soft to watery, frequently mucousy and with a strong odor
• A fluctuating course—normal for days, then bad again
• Gas and gurgling stomach noises
• In puppies: poor development, a bloated belly, a dull coat, weight loss despite a good appetite
• Occasionally vomiting

The wave-like course is characteristic. It is exactly this pattern that can make treatments seem effective when they weren't—the symptoms might have improved for a few days anyway.

Blood in the stool, fever, and marked lethargy, on the other hand, do not fit the typical picture and point to something else.

👉 When diarrhea is the main problem: diarrhea and vomiting in dogs

3. Why a positive test alone decides nothing

This is where most owners—and some advice columns—take a wrong turn.

Giardia are widespread, and a large share of infected dogs are perfectly healthy. In one study of 82 dogs, just under half of which had no symptoms, Giardia were found in about 30 percent. In the scientific literature, it is accepted that most infected animals do not become clinically ill or show only temporary symptoms.

Even more telling: in a study comparing fecal consistency with the parasite type, none of the types detected was significantly associated with soft stool.

That leads to the key sentence here: a positive test tells you that Giardia are present—not that they are causing the symptoms. And in a dog without symptoms, it tells you even less.

The US-based expert body for parasites in companion animals (CAPC) puts it with appropriate caution: in healthy dogs without symptoms that carry a type not transmissible to humans, treatment may not be necessary. Other factors go into the decision—such as contact with immunocompromised people or dogs, the dog's living situation, and previous treatments.

For you, this means two things. An incidental finding in a healthy dog is not an emergency and does not justify a series of treatments. And conversely: a positive test in a dog with diarrhea does not end the search for the cause—food intolerance, other pathogens, and intestinal diseases can occur at the same time.

3.1 The question that comes before treatment

From the above follows a simple sequence that organizes the decision—and that can be worked through in two minutes at the veterinary appointment.

First: does the dog have symptoms that fit Giardia? Soft to watery diarrhea, mucousy, coming and going, plus poor development in puppies. If the answer is no, the result is an incidental finding—and chapter 6 describes when treatment still follows from it.

Second: is there anyone in the household for whom the risk looks different? Small children, elderly or immunocompromised people, immunocompromised dogs. That shifts the balance, even for a dog without symptoms.

Third: what is the dog's living situation? A single dog in a household is a different matter from a breeding operation, a boarding kennel, or a shelter.

Fourth: what has happened so far? Has the dog already been treated, how often, with what—and with what result? A history of three unsuccessful rounds does not lead to a fourth, but back to chapter 4.

The value of this sequence is that it shifts the question away from the lab report and toward the dog. And that is precisely the difference between a well-founded treatment and a reflex.

4. What else could be behind it

Because a positive test does not prove the cause, the list of alternatives belongs here—especially for a dog that does not improve under treatment.

Food intolerance or too abrupt a change of diet. One of the most common causes of fluctuating, soft stool.

Other parasites—worms, coccidia, and in young dogs it is not unusual to find several at once.

Bacterial imbalances in the gut, sometimes after previous treatments.

Chronic intestinal inflammation, typically with weight loss and a course that fluctuates over months.

Pancreatic problems, recognizable by voluminous, greasy stool despite a good appetite.

Stress, which in some dogs can clearly upset the gut—a move, new dogs in the household, a stay at a boarding kennel.

In practice, this means: if a dog does not improve under correctly carried-out treatment together with the hygiene program, that is not a reason for a third round of the same drug, but the moment to look more broadly.

👉 When the pancreas may be involved: pancreatitis in dogs

5. Why treatment so often seems to fail

The most common sentence after Giardia treatment is: “They're back.”

Often, this is not resistance but reinfection. The reason lies in the two properties of the cysts: they are infectious right away and can last for weeks in a damp environment.

The result is a cycle. The dog is treated but keeps taking in cysts during and after treatment—from the yard, from its own coat, from the water bowl, from its bed. The treatment clears out the gut; the environment supplies more.

That is why: without a hygiene program, Giardia treatment is only half the job. If you only give medication, you will often have to repeat it.

6. When to treat

Clear reasons for treatment:

• The dog has symptoms that fit Giardia
• Puppies and young dogs with a positive result, because here the effects on development and weight matter
• Immunocompromised dogs or dogs that are ill for other reasons
• Households with small children, elderly or immunocompromised people—here the decision is made more cautiously
• Breeding operations, boarding kennels, shelters, dog groups—wherever many animals come together

Restraint, on the other hand, is appropriate for an adult, healthy dog without symptoms with an incidental finding, in a household without particularly vulnerable people.

One argument that often gets lost: repeated use of the same drugs without need can encourage reduced susceptibility—in Giardia as in bacteria. Treating less often but in a more targeted way is therefore not slacking off but better practice.

In summary, the decision depends on four factors: the dog's symptoms, its age, its state of health, and the risk of infection for others in the household or the group. None of them is on the lab report.

7. Treatment

Two groups of drugs come into question, and the order is not arbitrary.

Fenbendazole, a deworming drug, is specifically approved in Europe for treating Giardia in dogs. It is well tolerated and is considered far less problematic for the gut flora than metronidazole—which is why it is, as a rule, the first step.

Metronidazole, an antibiotic with activity against single-celled organisms, also works, but it comes at a considerable price: it changes the gut flora markedly, and this shift can persist for weeks after the drug is stopped. In a dog with mild symptoms or none at all, the damage to the gut flora can outweigh the parasite itself. It therefore does not belong at the start, but in cases where there is a good reason for it.

Which drug is chosen, and for how many days, is up to your veterinarian—we deliberately do not give dosages here.

What you should know about the process:

All dogs in the household are, as a rule, treated together, including those without symptoms. Otherwise one animal is enough to keep the whole thing going.

The treatment is completed, even if the stool is back to normal after two days.

A follow-up check only happens after some time, usually a few weeks after the end of treatment. Test too early, and you find leftovers that mean nothing.

Diet supports recovery. Easily digestible, high-fiber food helps the intestinal lining recover. In dogs with mild symptoms, a change of diet can sometimes be enough on its own.

7.1 What matters when giving the medication

Many treatments fail because of how they are carried out rather than because of the drug. Four points are decisive.

The full course. Both drugs are given over several days, and the course is not shortened because the stool is firm on day three. Otherwise the wave-like course from chapter 2 leads to the mistaken belief that the problem is solved.

With food. Fenbendazole is usually given with a meal; absorption is more reliable that way. Your veterinarian will give you the specific instructions.

All dogs in the household. This is the point most often skipped. An untreated housemate keeps the cycle from chapter 5 going—even if it shows no symptoms itself.

The bath on the last day. It is part of the treatment, not cosmetics. Cysts stuck to the fur under the tail are one of the main sources of self-reinfection, and a dog that grooms itself can take them right back in.

A note on cats in the household: they can carry Giardia too. Whether they are treated as well is up to your veterinarian—but they belong in the picture, because bowls and resting places are often shared.

And if the symptoms do not improve under correctly carried-out treatment plus hygiene, the next step is not a third round but the list in chapter 4.

8. The hygiene program

This is the part that plays a major role in whether treatment succeeds—and it is inconvenient.

Pick up feces immediately, in the yard and on walks, throughout the treatment and beyond.

Bathe the dog, especially the area under the tail, ideally on the last day of treatment. Cysts stuck to the coat are one of the main sources of self-reinfection.

Wash bowls in hot water every day, change the water several times a day, and avoid standing water.

Wash blankets and textiles hot, as hot as the material allows.

Clean hard surfaces with hot water and let them dry thoroughly. Dryness and heat are the most reliable weapons against cysts.

And a point that saves money: common household disinfectants do little against Giardia cysts—the structure of their wall makes them resistant to most standard products. If you want to disinfect, you need a surface product that is specifically labeled as effective against Giardia; products based on quaternary ammonium compounds are commonly used. Just as effective, and often simpler, is a steam cleaner. Everything else is well meant and largely ineffective.

Toys and bowls should also be cleaned or temporarily reduced in number.

Lawns cannot be disinfected. What helps is sun, dryness, and consistently picking up feces.

The effort involved is the reason why unnecessarily treating a healthy dog is not just pointless but a burden for owners—the hygiene program is part of it, otherwise the treatment achieves little.

8.1 The yard—and why it is the hardest part

Your home and the bowls can be cleaned. The yard can't, and that is exactly where, in most households, the source of the cycle from chapter 5 lies.

What actually works is picking up feces. Immediately, every time, even in the rain and even in the dark in the evening. The cysts are infectious right away—a pile of feces left lying until the weekend is a week's worth of resupply.

Sun and dryness are your allies. Cysts like it damp and cool. A sunny lawn that dries out well defuses itself over time; a permanently shady, damp corner behind the shed does not.

What you can do with this: if possible, use a smaller, easy-to-see area for potty breaks during treatment instead of the whole yard. Fence off damp problem corners. And get rid of puddles and standing water—including the rain barrel and the saucer under the flowerpot.

What doesn't work: disinfecting the lawn. There is no product that makes a green space free of cysts, and the usual attempts do more harm to the soil than to the parasites.

A note for households with a patio or a paved courtyard: these surfaces can very well be treated—hot water, a steam cleaner, then let them dry. There the effort pays off; on the lawn it doesn't.

9. Testing: why one sample is not enough

Giardia are shed intermittently. A dog may pass cysts today and not tomorrow—so a single negative test does not rule them out.

A pooled sample collected over three days is more reliable: on three consecutive days, a little feces is put into the same tube each time. This clearly increases the chance of catching a shedding episode.

It is important to keep two fundamentally different methods apart.

Rapid antigen tests look for protein components of the parasite, molecular tests for its genetic material. Both are sensitive and practical—but they do not distinguish between a living parasite and remnants. After successful treatment, they can stay positive for weeks, because components or genetic material of the parasite are still being shed.

Microscopic testing, by contrast, looks for intact cysts—in other words, for what is actually still there.

This leads to a mistake that again and again produces false “treatment failures”: a rapid antigen test right after the end of treatment tells you little. It can come back positive even though the treatment worked—and then a second round is started that achieves nothing.

A follow-up check therefore makes sense three to four weeks after the end of treatment at the earliest, and then preferably by looking for intact cysts.

👉 How to collect fecal samples properly: deworming or fecal testing?

9.1 Does a follow-up test need to be done at all?

The previous section raises a question that is rarely asked: why do a follow-up check at all if it only becomes meaningful after weeks?

For a dog that is doing well, often not at all. If the symptoms are gone, the dog is gaining weight, and the stool stays firm, the goal of treatment has been reached. A test that then looks for any remaining cysts can only call that result into question—and according to chapter 3, a positive result in a dog without symptoms would not be a reason to treat anyway.

A follow-up check makes sense where something depends on it: for a puppy whose development was affected; for a dog in a household with immunocompromised people; in breeding operations, boarding kennels, and shelters; and with persistent symptoms, where the point is to narrow down the cause.

The distinction is the same as with the initial result: you test when the result would change a decision. Where it doesn't, it only creates uncertainty—and in the worst case another round of treatment.

If you are unsure, you can ask your veterinarian exactly this: what would change if the test came back positive? A good answer to that question often replaces the test.

10. Zoonosis: the risk and the surprising direction

Here lies the second big misconception, and it causes a lot of unnecessary fear.

Giardia are divided into types. Dogs overwhelmingly carry the dog-specific types C and D, which rarely occur in humans. People, by contrast, almost always fall ill with types A and B.

The European expert body for parasites in companion animals (ESCCAP) sums it up clearly: the zoonotic risk is very low. Dog- and cat-specific types are found only rarely in humans.

And then comes the sentence that surprises most people: human types can indeed circulate in dog populations. An infected person can therefore be the source of infection for the dog—which in turn then poses a certain risk.

For context: transmission between humans and dogs in either direction is hard to put into numbers. Two things are well supported: the risk from dog to human is considered low, and humans come into question as a source for dogs. That does not tell you which direction is more common—but it does tell you that worrying only about the dog as a source of infection falls short.

How small the order of magnitude can be is shown by a study from rural Cambodia in which only just over two percent of dogs carried a type potentially transmissible to humans.

This does not mean hygiene is unimportant—washing your hands after contact with feces is still a given. It means that a positive Giardia result in your dog is no reason to keep your child away from the dog. If people in the household have gastrointestinal symptoms themselves, they should see a doctor—not least because they could be the source.

11. For dog schools, breeders, and group settings

Where many dogs come together, the calculation changes.

Higher detection rates in shelters, breeding operations, and boarding kennels are well documented. The obvious explanation is mechanical: many animals, shared areas, cysts that are infectious right away.

What makes sense here: consistently picking up feces, dry surfaces that are easy to clean instead of permanently damp corners, separate water bowls instead of a shared one, and a clear approach to dogs that are ill.

What does not make sense: blanket exclusion of all dogs with a positive result. Because so many healthy dogs are carriers, you would exclude a considerable share of all dogs without changing the situation much. It makes more sense to exclude sick dogs—that is, those with acute diarrhea—until their symptoms have cleared up.

11.1 How we handle it at our dog school

Because we get asked about this regularly, here is our approach—it follows the logic of the previous section.

Dogs with acute diarrhea are excluded, regardless of the cause and regardless of whether a test result is available. This is the rule that actually makes a difference: a dog with diarrhea will defecate on the training field, a healthy carrier much less often.

Dogs with a positive result but no symptoms are not excluded. The reasoning is in chapters 3 and 11—given how common Giardia are among healthy dogs, a blanket exclusion would affect a considerable share of participants without changing the situation.

What we do ourselves: feces are picked up immediately, there is no shared water bowl, and the training areas are chosen so that they dry out. After each session, we check whether anything has been left behind.

What we expect from participants: bring your own water bowl, pick up feces immediately, and cancel if your dog has acute diarrhea—without a guilty conscience and without having to explain. A missed session can be made up.

And the point that really matters here: for us, these measures are not a reaction to a known case but the normal state of affairs. If you only react when someone reports a positive result, you are reacting to the one dog you know about—and not to the many you don't know about.

12. The special case of puppies

This article mentions puppies several times as a group for which the decision is different. Because that matters in practice for breeders, puppy buyers, and puppy classes, here is a summary of what is different about them.

12.1 Why the threshold is lower

In an adult, healthy dog, an incidental finding usually has no consequences. In a puppy, the calculation is different, for three reasons.

The effects weigh more heavily. Giardia interfere with nutrient absorption in the small intestine. In a growing animal, that shows up in weight, coat, and development—exactly what chapter 2 describes.

The reserves are smaller. Persistent diarrhea leads to dehydration faster in a puppy than in an adult dog.

The density of infection is higher. Puppies live in a litter, on a shared area, and groom each other. The cycle from chapter 5 runs especially easily there.

That is why a puppy with a positive result and symptoms is, as a rule, treated, and why diarrhea in a puppy is not something to watch for a few days.

12.2 The puppy arrives in its new home with Giardia

This happens more often than many people assume, and it is no reason for a fight with the breeder—but it is a reason for a conversation.

What you should clarify: has the puppy already been treated, with what, and when? Was there a follow-up test, and if so, with which method? Are littermates affected? The answer to the second question helps decide whether a new positive test means anything new at all—the point from chapter 9.

And your own planning: the puppy is moving into a new environment that is still free of cysts. If you consistently pick up feces from day one and give the puppy one thorough bath after treatment, you prevent exactly the cycle that is so tedious later on.

12.3 Puppy class: yes or no?

We get this question regularly, and the answer follows the same logic as in chapter 11.

A puppy with acute diarrhea stays at home—regardless of whether Giardia have been detected or not. A puppy with a positive result that has no symptoms and is gaining weight normally can take part; a blanket exclusion would affect a considerable share of all puppies and change little about the situation.

What belongs on our side: dry surfaces that are easy to clean, no shared water bowl, consistently picking up feces, and a reminder to everyone not to leave feces lying around. That is the right thing to do anyway, not only once a positive result becomes known.

And the point that matters most socially: the sensitive period does not wait. Taking a puppy out of the group for weeks because a lab report came back positive costs developmental time that is hard to make up later.

13. What you can do at home

Pick up feces consistently, including in your own yard. This is the single most effective measure.

Keep water clean and avoid standing puddles and ponds.

Wash your hands after contact with feces—simple and effective.

If your dog has diarrhea, bring a pooled sample collected over three days rather than a single sample.

Stay calm about an incidental finding in a healthy dog and ask whether treatment is really indicated in this particular case.

Don't treat in isolation. If treatment is given, hygiene and all the dogs in the household are part of it.

Take diarrhea in puppies seriously. Here the threshold for action is lower than in an adult dog.

14. Limits of the evidence

Figures on how common Giardia are vary considerably—depending on the testing method, the age of the dogs, and how they are kept. The roughly 30 percent cited above comes from a study of 82 dogs, in other words a small group; other surveys arrive at clearly different figures.

The finding that no parasite type was associated with soft stool also comes from a limited study. It supports restraint in treatment, but it does not prove that Giardia never cause diarrhea—they demonstrably do.

The recommendations on when to treat are consensus recommendations from expert bodies, not results of randomized trials. There is no large controlled study on this question.

And the statements about zoonotic risk are based on typing studies in specific regions and populations. They reliably show that the dog-specific types predominate—they do not rule out transmission in an individual case.

On the structure of the evidence: the prevalence figures come from studies using different testing methods, age groups, and housing conditions—which is why they vary considerably, and why the order of magnitude of about 30 percent cited here is a rough guide and not a general value. The statements on zoonosis and on treatment recommendations are based on the recommendations of European and US expert bodies, in other words on agreed expert opinion. That is the usual type of source for these questions.

What does not exist for dogs is a large randomized study on whether treating healthy carriers brings any benefit at all. The restraint in this article is therefore based on weighing known downsides against an unproven benefit—not on proof that treatment does harm.

15. Conclusion

Giardia are common, tough, and usually more harmless than their reputation suggests. The most important message is therefore a cautious one: you treat the dog, not the test. The majority of infected dogs have no symptoms, and an incidental finding in a healthy adult dog rarely justifies a series of treatments—but a puppy that is not gaining weight properly, or a dog with persistent, mucousy diarrhea, may well. If treatment is given, success depends not on the drug alone but to a large extent on what happens around it: picking up feces, bathing, washing hot, drying. And you can safely dial down the widespread worry about people catching it—the risk is low, and humans can also be a source of infection for the dog.

👉 What to look for when choosing: what makes a good veterinarian

If you take away only one thing from this article: when you get a positive result, ask one single question before treatment starts—does my dog have symptoms that fit? If the answer is no, the rest is a conversation, not a prescription.

Key takeaways on Giardia in dogs

A positive test alone is not a reason to treat. It tells you that Giardia are present—not that they are causing the symptoms. You treat the dog, not the lab report.

A large share of infected dogs are healthy. In one study of 82 dogs, just under half of them without symptoms, the detection rate was about 30 percent.

Giardia are not worms. A standard over-the-counter dewormer does not work against them, and deworming “just in case” does nothing when Giardia are suspected.

“They're back” often means not resistance but reinfection. The cysts are infectious right away and last for weeks in a damp environment—from the yard, from the dog's own coat, from the bowl.

Without a hygiene program, treatment is only half the job. Pick up feces immediately, bathe the dog on the last day of treatment, wash textiles hot, clean surfaces with hot water and let them dry.

Ordinary household disinfectants do little against cysts. What works is heat, dryness, a steam cleaner, or a surface product specifically labeled as effective against Giardia.

A single sample is not enough. Shedding is intermittent—a pooled sample collected over three days makes sense.

A rapid antigen test right after treatment tells you little. It can come back positive even though the treatment worked. A follow-up check is done three to four weeks later at the earliest, preferably by looking for intact cysts.

The zoonotic risk is considered low—and humans come into question as a source for dogs. Dogs mostly carry types C and D, which are of little importance in humans; people almost always fall ill with A and B. In one study, just over two percent of dogs carried a potentially transmissible type; human types, on the other hand, can circulate in dog populations.

References

• ESCCAP (European Scientific Counsel Companion Animal Parasites): Giardia infection in dogs and cats (Fact Sheet). https://www.esccap.org/uploads/docs/ku1ci115_1008_ESCCAP_Giardia_Fact_Sheet__English_v4.pdf (zoonotic risk very low; dog- and cat-specific types only rarely found in humans; human types can circulate in dog and cat populations, so an infected person can be a source of infection for the dog; medical evaluation recommended if corresponding symptoms occur)
• Companion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC): Giardia. https://capcvet.org/guidelines/giardia/ (in healthy dogs without symptoms carrying a non-zoonotic type, treatment may not be necessary; the decision takes into account contact with vulnerable people or dogs, living situation, and previous treatments; with mild symptoms, a high-fiber diet may be sufficient; transmission from dogs to humans appears rare, human infections come mostly from other people)
• Uiterwijk, M., Mughini-Gras, L., Nijsse, R., Wagenaar, J. A., Ploeger, H. W. & Kooyman, F. N. J. (2020): Giardia duodenalis multi-locus genotypes in dogs with different levels of synanthropism and clinical signs. Parasites & Vectors 13(1): 605. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-04496-2 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7709413/ (189 positive samples; type D most common, followed by type C, mixed types common; none of the types was significantly associated with soft stool)
• Šmit, I., Potočnjak, D., Matijatko, V., Torti, M., Jović, I., Grden, D., Crnogaj, M. & Beck, R. (2023): The Influence of Giardia duodenalis on the Occurrence of Clinical Signs in Dogs. Veterinary Sciences 10(12): 694. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10120694 (82 dogs, 42 of them with gastrointestinal symptoms; Giardia in 25 dogs, i.e., 30.5%; type C in 10, type D in 15; more common in shelter dogs; of the other parasites, only Cryptosporidium showed an increased co-infection rate, with no influence on the occurrence of symptoms)
• Low risk for transmission of zoonotic Giardia duodenalis from dogs to humans in rural Cambodia. Parasites & Vectors, 2014. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4262118/ (just over 2% of dogs carried types potentially transmissible to humans; minimal zoonotic risk derived from this)

Frequently asked questions about Giardia in dogs

What people ask most often after a positive result